Should grad student be paid higher than non-grads?

In our country, it is obvious now that the university graduates earn more money than non-graduates (a funny contrast in which It was opposite scenario when in 1970s china). I quite agree with those graduates who have paid a lot for their studies and expect to make more for either himself or his family. However, it is not so optimistically for those who hope to make it. The critical career competition makes them frustrated due to many factors involved.(79)

One of the utmost factors is they feel what they anticipate is not matching up with what they have found in reality. Many university graduates are not satisfied with what they get for what they have done. As a matter of fact, some of them expect so unrealistic that they immediately lose the credit to the workforce they belong to. On contrary, some of the non-graduate students who are more realistic in career hunting tend to get more satisfied job compared with graduates. Thus what really matters here in salary balance is how one can contribute to the organization rather than what background they hold.(105)

The tuition is really high in China. Many high quality students due to this have lost their academic pursuit. This is really shameful for a family or any government who initially should take the burden for whatever reason is supposed to be. Any responsible government should inevitably take this burden and put more money in order to bring up better next generation for the nation.(65)

Total: 260

Should parents be responsible for the kids crime?

A recent report showing a 14-year-old child has killed her grandmother. The incident itself is very stunning to the public. Just as shown in the topic, crimes are not supposed to be done by younger people who are not legally responsible for what they did. What seems urgent for us is my appeals for those parents who should take the responsibility for any thing like this which should be prevented in advance.( 72)

The most sounding reason for this is child should be supervised not only by school but also by his direct custody—his parents. No matter what blame we could put on child who has limited awareness of knowing what is correct to do and what is not, parents are not free from the duty that is already endowed by the society to watch their kids growing healthily. Moreover, parents inevitable duty to educate their kids, let them know more about legal issues and right behaviors which is their basic lesson for life. We could be sure a kid is a good kid without any discipline of their parents. (108)

In terms of discipline, parents should also take the responsibility to face some punishment as they are supposed to be disciplined by the cruelty of society. Any kind of the crime indicated by the above itself means a lot to them and they should face the all around blames from the society and neighborhood. The loss of such a lawsuit will result in either the loss of face of their dignity and loss of money in order to cover the compensation for the victims. (84)

So far so good, as for the age of kids who should take legal responsibility to such crime, the law has already settled for it. Countries around the world vary greatly. There is no fixed line, but one thing is sure, as soon as you grow into adult you should be responsible for what you do in society (58)

Total : 333

Should students only learn from books?

Arguments

1. Only books can provide people with the knowledge that makes them educated.
2. The criticism that what students learn today is not adapted to present-day society is utterly wrong because education can never be seen only in terms of how useful the subjects are when students leave school. We ought to evaluate education in terms of how much the students enjoy those subjects and how much they mean to those students.
3. Instead of being trained to be utilitarian~, students should be encouraged to do things for their own sake, for getting satisfaction out of them rather than for what is achieved at the e12
4. Those with a good command of the knowledge provided in books can adapt themselves better to their future life than those without.
5. Those who stress only practical skills and techniques and ignore the function of books are short sighted.
6. Only by urging students to read more, write more and do more exercises can education be improved.
7. Being practical, many children leave school and start earning money at an early age. Because of this, quite a large number of children join the ranks of the illiterate in the country.
8. Without the knowledge provided in books, there is no point in talking about training qualified personnel and fostering versatile talents.

Counter-arguments

1. Education is a gradual extension of oneself. It does not only take place in school buildings. It is a life-long experience.
2. Students should be taught how to live and how to get on with one another. This is more important than reading and writing.
3. Writing, reading and arithmetic don't really matter. What matters is that students should learn to understand the world.
4. Students are so overburdened with classwork and homework that many of~ them do not enjoy good health.
5. Instead of offering students book-learning only, we should encourage them to get to know society so that they will be more adaptable to real life.
6. Many students are spoilt by our present-day educational system. They may be top students at school, but they are at a loss as to how to deal with practical matters.
7. Education is but a failure if it only produces people who are unable to put theory into practice.
8. We should put right the tendency of stressing only students' academic~ achievement and ignoring their moral and physical education.
9. Students, in their formative years, should have a chance to broaden their outlook rather than feel compelled to work towards passing an exam.

Should smoking be prohibited?

Arguments

1. Smoking should be prohibited, for the World Health Organization points on that diseases linked to smoking kill at least 2 500 000 people each year.
2. Scientific research had shown that the risk of veloping lung cancer increases with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the duration of the smoking habit, and it diminishes with the cessation of smoking.
3. Smoking not only leads to lung cancer, but many other diseases such as heart attacks, sore throat, headache, chronic bronchitis~, pulmonary emphysema~, etc.
4. Smoking is not only harmful to the smoker himself (herself), but also results in the deaths of nonsmokers. Statistics show that passive smoking is causing 3 000 to 5 000 lung cancer deaths a year among American non-smokers.
5. An American scientist estimated that smokers who average a package a day for 20 years will lose about eight years of their lives.
6. Smoking is an expensive habit, for a smoker who consumes 10 cigarettes a day will have to spend at least 40 yuan a month.
7. Smoking has a bad impact on the psyche~ of the smokers. On the one hand, smokers realize the bad effects of smoking and are persuaded from time to time to give up smoking. On the other hand, many of them can hardly resist the temptation to smoke. Hence they often lose confidence in themselves.
8. Children exposed to parental cigarette smoking are put at a higher risk of developing lung diseases later in their lives.
9. Smoking not only pollutes the air but also makes the streets dirty, for some smokers flick~ the ash off their cigarettes and throw cigarette ends everywhere.
10. Smoking speeds up the process of aging and helps cause wrinkles on people's faces.

Counter-arguments

1. Smoking should not be prohibited, for cigarettes give a vast number of people a good deal of pleasure a lot of the time.
2. Nicotine~ can produce a tranquillizing~ effect during high emotional and shock situations, and, therefore, helps to calm people down.
3. Smoking counteracts~ the decrease in efficiency that typically occurs in boring, monotonous situations.
4. Smokers can improve their performance in complex situations while smoking.
5. Smokers help increase the revenue~ of a country.
6. Smoking kills no more people than epidemics~ or traffic accidents.
7. Most non-smokers spend a lot of money on snacks~, a habit c123ng as much as smoking if not more.
8. If smoking is eliminated, a lot of people in the tobacco industry will be out of jobs, and that will create many social problems.
9. Facts have shown that if a chain-smoker suddenly quits smoking, he's more likely to have lung cancer than those who keep the habit.
10. Everybody has the right to keep his or her habit. Smokers are no exceptions.

Should capital punishment be a major deterrent to crime?

Arguments

1. There should never be suspicion~ of capital punishment.
2. Murderers whose motive~ is money should not get off lightly. It is absolutely wrong to think professional killers are insane and need hospital treatment.
3. Criminals must be made to see the consequences of their crimes. "An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" is the very basis of justice.
4. Capital punishment is more hmnane because the criminal does not suffer the torture of life imprisonment.
5. Only the return of the death penalty can ensure that people can sleep safely in their beds.
6. Murderers are not humane and, therefore, they cannot expect to be treated as hmnans.
7. Capital punishment should be a major deterrent. Other strict laws should also be put into practice.
8. A hfe sentence is only a nominal sentence. It leaves a chance for the criminal to escape.
9. Those who are lenient to criminals are unkind to innocent people.
10. We shouldn't be blinded by emotional argmnents, which leads to relaxation of harsh laws.

Counter-arguments

1. Capital punishment should not be a major deterrent. Emphasis should be put on the reform of criminals.
2. It has been proved many times in the past that the relaxation of harsh laws has never led to an increase in crime. Therefore, the "deterrent" argument is absurd: capital punishment never protected anyone.
3. Those in favour of capital punishment are motivated only by a desire for revenge and retaliation~.
4. There has been a marked trend in society towards a more humane treatment of less fortunate members. The same attitude characterizes our approach to crime.
5. Suspension of capital punishment is enlightened~, civilized and humane.
6. Crime can only be drastically reduced by the elimination of social injustices--not by creating socalled "deterrents" when the real problems remain unsolved.
7. It is illegal to murder, but are we justified in taking away the life of the murderer? No. Capital punishment helps create a bloody world.
8. He who never errs does not exist. The death penalty leaves no chance for first offenders to reform.
9. Murderers vary. Some kill people only to defend themselves while others are trigger-happy. It is unfair to give the death penalty to every murderer.
10. Some criminals can be reformed if they are handled properly. The death sentence leaves criminals no hope at all.

Is romantic love the most important condition for marriage?

Arguments

1. Marriage is the result and extension of love. Therefore, romantic love is the most important condition for marriage.
2. love should be the most important condition for marriage because a marriage without love is like hell in which the couple suffer for the rest of their lives.
3. Romantic love will enable the couple to conquer any difficulties in their life together.
4. In feudal~ society, many people suffered from arranged marriages because love was never an element for consideration in marriages at that time.
5. Romantic love can lead to the healthy psychological development of the couple.
6. Marriages based on romantic love will bring forth beautiful and intelligent children.
7. Marriages based on love tend to create a happy and harmonious~ atmosphere in the family which is good for the development of children.
8. A happy marriage helps one to achieve more in one's career.
9. A marriage without love is worse than being single.
10. Marriages without love are most likely to end in divorce, which creates many social problems.

Counter-arguments

1. Love is not the most important condition for marriage because love is romantic whereas marriage is practical.
2. tack of money in a new marriage might bring trouble and chronic~ quarrelling.
3. Education is the most important condition for a good marriage because a couple whose educational levels do not match are not likely to have much in common.
4. A marriage based on romantic love alone will not last long, for a sense of responsibility is most essential to a successful marriage.
5. Age is a very important condition for a happy marriage because, if the couple belong to different age groups, they tend to have different interests and find it hard to understand each other.
6. Love is not the most important condition for a happy marriage because, when the choice is carefully and wisely made, it's usually a good one.
7. Health is a very important condition for a good marriage. If either party of a marriage suffers from poor health, then happiness is impaired.
8. As the saying goes, "Love blinds a man to all imperfections." So a marriage based on love alone is only a bet for happiness.
9. Parental approval is important for marriages because it creates unity in a family. Moreover, the experience of parents can often correct and restrain the headstrong and distorted choices of inexperienced youth.
10. Love is not the single, most important condition for a successful marriage. It requires the combination of many conditions, all of which are important.

There is no doubt that helping students find a job is one of the primary functions of university education, but universities do exist for other purposes such as improving students’ analytical skills and raising students’ moral standards.

A university education can be seen as a process of improving students’ analytical thinking. The variety of courses offered at university inspires students in various ways, therefore improving their analytical ability. For example, science courses such as math and biology help students develop a rational way of thinking whereas arts courses such as literature 123ve to let students ponder over issues from a logical, multi- dimensional perspective; and courses in social sciences force students to recognize the ideas that have been traditionally assumed to be acceptable and unproblematic. With the development of these types of analytical thinking, graduates can face future challenges with more confidence and enthusiasm.

Also, university education is expected to improve students’ moral standards. This is rooted in universities’ belief that students’ awar123ss of responsibility towards their community and their country is of high importance. In this ever-deg123rating society and civilization, students are encouraged actively participate in improving the local community. A university that provides care and facilities for physically disadvantaged students may inspire the graduates to better handle situations in the future where they may have to interact with the disabled community. A successful university education is supposed to produce morally sound graduates, therefore increasing their employability.

In conclusion, university education not only helps students locate a decent job but will also develop other qualities such as enhancing their analytical skills and cultivating their hunger and spirit for life.

The soaring car ownership in China has thrown the issue of traffic accidents into sharp relief. According to recent research conducted by China's Ministry of Transportation, the annual incidence of car wrecks is nearly three times as high as the corresponding figure a decade ago. Many people have been alarmed by this trend and assert that imposing stiffer punishment on the perpetrators is the only effective way to curb this disturbing phenomenon. Speaking for myself, I tend to believe their view has both merit and demerit.

Granted, more severe penalty does carry certain advantages in halting the rampant driving offenses on the roads. First and foremost ,it would be the most cost-effective way to deter those would-be driving offenders. Heavy fines, long community service or even jail terms would render most of the aggressive drivers apprehensive about violating the traffic law, even without extra government funding to upgrade traffic surveillance cameras or augment traffic police force. Further, the effect of this hardline approach would be immediate. Once the related law is promulgated, we would be sure to witness a substantial decline in driving offenses overnight.

However, there are also traffic hazards that we cannot forestall by merely stiffening the punishment of aggressive or destructive driving conduct. To begin with, pedestrians who habitually jaywalk will not be discouraged by this move. Pedestrians account for a considerable proportion of traffic-accident culprits. Thus, pedestrian offenses such as jaywalking must be effectively checked as well. Secondly, if people who are regularly behind the wheel are not awakened to the horrific perils traffic offenses may breed , some of them will exploit every possibility to circumvent the law enforcement capability. If people abide by the traffic law solely out of fear for punishment, when a surveillance camera is out of order or the traffic police fail to keep tabs on a specific section of a freeway, all hell would break loose. Lastly, strict punishment of disorderly driving conduct does not guarantee infallible detection of driving offenses. Without sophisticated traffic-offense detecting apparatuses and an alert traffic police force, traffic laws, no matter how draconian, would be lax enough for hardened reckless drivers to disregard.

In the final analysis, I concede that harsh penalty for driving offenders constitutes an effective way to deter irresponsible driving behavi123 However, the growing trend of flagrant driving offenses cannot be halted by stiffer punishment of driving offenders alone. Hence we must take a more integrated approach to this modern-day scourge, possibly including equally heavy punishment for pedestrian offenses, the heightening of people's awareness about the horrific consequences of reckless driving and the advancement of traffic offense detectors and more capable traffic law enforcement forces

Identifying the foreign customs is a difficult task for any visitors. Cultural conflicts may occur when one does not know much about the strange social codes other than his country. In reality, people’s opinion about whether the host country should encourage cultural differences or to what degree should they accept the alien cultures as they may cause annoyance to them. In my opinion, I insist that the local customs should be highly respected in many accessions but not necessarily be followed blindly.(82)

The primary concern is given to the significance of one’s national traditions and heritage that has been passed down. It is important because all these customs have undergone thousands of years of practice and become the treasure of a nation. For instance, the eating tradition in many areas and regions such as people eat red eggs when they have a new baby,, eating jiaozi—a kind of Chinese dumplings when we celebrate Chinese lunar new year, and still eating when someone’s grandpa passed away. This might be a blunt for nany visitors who first come here. Visitors in such a scenario may choose to practice as if he were a local or he might just see and enjoy the atmosphere.(120)

Even if visitors keep a stance away from the traditions of a foreign land, they should not be hostile to them. The reason is simple. If the visitors refuse to take the fact that the local customs may offend their faith or something they believe, and even they are disheartening, they will possibly act improperly under such situation. Taking eating out custom as example, Chinese people when eating out, there are always a person who masters the table and even pays the bill. This might be offensive to a foreigner who does not know or get used to this manner. But as we Chinese people say”RUXIANGSUISU’ literally means one should get used to local customs when visiting it. This is a reflection of what we discuss here about the culture diversity.(131)

In general, one should see how he knows about the culture and how he should react upon it. There are no fixed rules to be followed. What seems important is “ when in Rome, do as the Romans do” philosophy applies to many situations when one feels uncertain about the host culture.(52)

Total 367 

Some people think animal experiments should be stopped because they are too cruel. Others think they are necessary for the development of sciences. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

题目讲评：

果然又是老题换个形式之后再出，题目考前给同学讲解过的（到北京来讲课了，但还是总收到长沙A类和G类同学们的来信，说拿到了好分数很高兴。我也很想念你们！）这类文章想素材当然用咱们思考素材四类方法当中的综合法，相加得出观点：动物实验应该继续，但是要尽可能减小动物的痛苦。相应的写四段，大正小负，当然还是小的放在前面写。还是那句话，考IELTS学术类写作想拿高分或者满分永远只要按照English academic writing的规则写英文八股文就成。

1 开头段（不少于4句）；2 有一些动物实验确实cruel（五句）;3 但是一些领域的研究又不能缺少动物实验（七句）；4 综合，得出结论（不少于3句）。创作全程使用IELTS作文cold storage冷处理+assembly line装配法，给自己规定从开始写25分钟内要贴上Google。

高分关键词：friends or foes 或敌或友 subject（vt） animals to experimentation拿动物去做实验unjustifiable站不住脚的,不合适的 necessitate 使……成为必需callous残酷的 confinement 囚禁 veterinary 动物医疗 vaccination 接种 vivisection 活体解剖 rodent 指老鼠那一类动物 primate 灵长类 pragmatic 灵活的追求实效的（pragmatism也是美国人最大的特征）pharmaceutical companies制药公司anthropological and genetic 人类学的和基因学的analgesic, anesthetic and tranquilizing drugs医学当中镇痛最常用的三种方法

Animals were friends or foes of humanity at different times of the human history. In modern times, experiments upon animals have long been a breeding ground for spirited debate. Some animal activists argue that we should ban animal experiments altogether because subjecting animals to experimentation is unjustifiable on moral grounds. Yet some other people contend that the advancement of science necessitates animal testing. Personally, I believe both their views have merit and demerit.

Granted, empirical evidence suggests that many animal experiments are performed callously without any heed to the discomfort or pain that laboratory mammals endure. First and foremost, improper confinement of test animals such as locking them up in cramped cages or poor veterinary is inhumane .It can gravely disrupt natural biological functions of the test animal. Further, the effects of vaccination and vivisection conducted on live rodents, primates and other lab mammals can be gruesome and chilling. They may, in some cases, even constitute sheer torture of live animals.

However, from a more pragmatic perspective, evidence is mounting that animal experimentation is still largely a necessary evil and there is no practical alternative for it at this point. In the first place, it is manifest that drug experimentation on live mammals is far more effectual than experimentation on bacteria or on other lower species in testing drug safety. Drugs that have severe potential side effects on homo sapiens must be tested by pharmaceutical companies on live mammals first to ascertain their toxicity. In the second place, in space research, live animals are still the only viable alternative to humans in testing living creature reaction to outer-space experience on a flight not considered to be sufficiently safe for human astronauts. Lastly, lab research about the behavioral tendencies of chimpanzees, gorillas, orangutans and other members of the primate group is also necessary. It produces valuable outcomes consistently advancing anthropological and genetic studies.

To conclude, I concede that experiments upon animals may induce suffering to the test animals. However, I am convinced that there are no feasible alternatives to this methodology at the current stage of scientific development. On balance , I think that we should allow animals testing to be continued but at the same time use techniques such as analgesic, anesthetic and tranquilizing drugs to minimize the pain inflicted upon the test animal and augment the general welfare of these animals. （Patrick Shen）

Children who grow up in families without large amounts of money are better prepared to deal with problems in their adult life than children who are brought up by wealthy parents. Do you agree or disagree?

题目点评：这道题是IELTS writing task 2当中比较少见的“看着容易写好太难”的题目（很多IELTS作文题目看起来很难，写好却不一定特别难）。咱们首先要注意区别“families without large amounts of money”和“poor families”这两个概念的差异，前者不仅仅指“low-income families”还要包括 “middle-income families”，所以题目的意思和一些同学概括的“穷人的孩子早当家”不同；另外一个误区在于因为这道题目和中国文化比较贴近，很多同学会举过多的简单生活事例但是却忽视了普遍性推理，导致论证缺乏深度。7月份写作变题之后GZ的判分明显不如以前严格，所以估计这次打分也会放松，但是我们在准备写作考试的时候不应该降低对自己的要求。

从论点上看，考虑到多数考生更熟悉中国的国情，肯定是totally agree更好写,布什的内阁里面现在也有拉洋板儿车出身的（不过在美国富豪的孩子当中牛人还是出了不少，四十三位总统里面也有大量富家子弟，从整体上看在西方有钱的家长更舍得让自己的孩子经历风雨）。既然观点写一边倒，那么结构当然就是五段式——开头段转述题目+主旨句，主体段1讲一般家庭的孩子比富家孩子有更强的心理承受能力，主体段2讲一般家庭的孩子有更强的独立性，主体段3讲普通家庭的家长对小孩的要求往往更严格，结尾段总结上文三层意思。thesis statement和topic sentences（范文里用横线标明）要是少了，扣分没商量哦！

关键词：income gaps 指收入差距 income inequality 指收入不均  intergenerational两代人之间的 turn the tables 是个idiom,有点像中文说的"打翻身仗" offspring 孩子counterpart 相对应的人（或事物）meritocratic society 说白了就是“凭本事吃饭的社会“ self-restraint 自制能力infancy 婴儿期frugality勤俭 financial strains 说白了就是缺钱，名词 well-off / affluent（adj) / well-to-do/ well-heeled / wealthy 都是有钱的意思，实在弹尽粮绝了还可以再用一个moneyed(adj), autonomy 自己管理自己，名词 initiative 主动性 well-acquainted 对某事很熟悉，mitigate缓解，要说解决问题，雅思里面词汇也特多tackle / address / solve / resolve / grapple with / combat 再加题目里的deal with,大家自己挑着用啦

It is widely accepted that we have been living in a “the rich get richer whereas the poor get poorer” age in terms of income gaps within a generation. However , to this day, there has been no consensus yet over the extent to which income inequality is intergenerational. Some contend that the offspring of low-income and middle-income parents can largely grow up to manifest better problem-solving abilities during adulthood than their high-income family counterparts, thereby turning the tables socially and financially. Personally, I believe this is generally the case in any meritocratic society.

First and foremost, children raised in households not in possession of a good fortune are conditioned early on in their lives to exercise self-control and self-restraint. These individuals learn from their infancy onward that not everything they crave will become theirs instantaneously. Every so often their wishes go beyond their parents’ means and they have to come to terms with the resulting sense of frustration or rejection. Throughout the childhood and early adulthood years they are tempered by the repeated experiences of parents’ denial of their requests and frugality is inculcated into their minds as a virtue. Consequently these children, for the most part, are apt to interpret scrimping and saving, emotional uneasiness, not infrequent financial strains and menial first jobs as an integral part of life rather than a devastating ordeal. Hence they end up being better able to manage stress in their adult years and less likely to panic or get daunted when problems occur.  

Further, children brought up by parents of low or middle economic status often grow up to be physically, mentally and professionally more independent than children brought up by affluent parents. It goes without saying that children whose parents are not particularly well-off are more likely than children of affluent households to know how to get the most out of a modest allowance, if they ever get such a thing at all. To the former group of children, most desirable things in life have to be “earned”—that is, more often than not they must put forth great effort before their desire is fulfilled. On the other hand, busy, low or medium salaried parents translate into more autonomy and initiative on the children’s part. This originally disadvantaged group becomes spontaneous and handy through crafting toys on their own, resourceful by cooking their own meals, tactful with coaxing their parents into buying them gifts, intelligent thanks to the absence of private tutors, savvy in doing summer jobs, and above all, unrelenting in pursuing their dreams.

Lastly, non-wealthy parents typically have higher and more definite aspirations for their children than well-to-do parents. Well-acquainted with all the disadvantages a meager or fair-to-middling bank account generates, many non-wealthy parents pin their hopes on their children to get their families upwardly mobile. These adults mostly have high behavioral, educational and (subsequently) occupational expectations for their children. As a result, they cannot afford to be permissive parents. Spoiling their offspring rotten is the last thing they care to do and they are always ready to discipline their children when they misbehave. They keep tabs on their children’s grades at school and do not spare the rod when their offspring do not measure up academically. The odds of children raised in such rigorous environments having good problem-solving skills are apparently better than children raised otherwise.

To conclude, the chief determinant of individuals’ problem-solving skills is not the amount of money their parents can amass when they are little. Rather, hands-on experience in comprehending, analyzing, resolving ,mitigating or circumventing problems is more essential to the cultivation of problem-solving abilities. Hence, I am convinced that families without great wealth are more advantageous to the development of individual capacity to tackle problems。

Recent years have witnessed a worsening trend in road safety. According to statistics from the local authority, the number of traffic accidents in 2004 was 20% greater than that of the previous year. The issue is gaining more and more concern of the public, some of whom propose that stricter punishment on traffic offenders should be the only way to ensure road safety. As far as I am concerned, I hold that punishment should not be only solution to the problem.

There is certainly no denying that stricter penalties may to some extent bring down the number of accidents on motorways as a deterrent to driving offences. Besides, the government may enjoy a greater revenue from severer fines, which can in turn be used to improve road conditions.

However, we shall never overlook the other side of the coin: punishment has its downsides. Fines, as the most common penalty for driving violations, tend to instill in people the misconception that money can pay off their guilt and resolve the problem. As a result, we can see many cases where the traffic offender commits the same or another mistake even after having been fined a lot. In spite of heavier punishment, road safety cannot be enhanced unless drivers are equipped with sufficient driving skills and knowledge. Recently there have emerged many irresponsible driving schools that have produced a host of unqualified drivers, contributing to more traffic offences. Thus tight control on driving schools and the driving testing system is needed as well to improve road safety. Furthermore, advertisements and campaigns concerned should be launched to raise the public awareness. When people are fully aware of the importance of abiding traffic rules, accidents may hopefully be eliminated.

From the above discussion, it is clear that only stricter punishment is not enough to enhance road safety. Instead, it should go hand in hand with closer control on driving schools and the testing system as well as higher public awareness.

In many countries, good schools and medical facilities are available only in cities. Some people think new teachers and doctors should work in rural areas for a few years. But some others think everyone should be free to choose where they work .Discuss and give your own opinion.

题目分析：

GZ明摆着没招儿了，老题出两三道之后怕咱们发现规律（其实规律明摆着在那儿）就又赶紧编一两道“新题”给咱做。这不就是“城乡差异”加“教师和护士的待遇”两道题合一块么！今年所谓的“新题”没有一道不是这么改装出来的，IELTS作文出题在话题方面明显已经遇到了困境。TOEFL的写作出题者就聪明，预感到总有一天作文话题是会出尽的，所以就把所有的题放在网上每次从里面挑题考，这样考官虽然刚开始累一点，但是不用永远不停的逼着自己想新话题，哪有那么多完全不同的可以当作考题的话题可出呀？让你用中文一直出有写作考试价值的作文题你出得了么？很多同学以为“剑4”的作文题都是新编的，怎么会！绝大多数都是以前考过的老作文题甚至G类作文题（比如students' behavior,比如 freedom of creative artists)再拿来编一本新书！可以肯定，IELTS作文总有一天要走上固定题库（但是不一定会公布在网上，而且也有可能把老题微调一下就非说成是新题，英国人做事和老美不一样,这就要求咱们对文章结构要有调整的能力）的道路，否则考官活得太累了（从今年全球几个大考区的题目，剑4www.ielts.org上面发布消息用的一些范文可以看出他们现在已经明显感到了作文考试不固定题库这种很有个性的做法有多么累。去年中国区的负责人跟咱们大陆考生信誓旦旦的说作文题再也不会重复考了，每道题都是不重样儿的，今年还不是满眼的老题么！英国人做事就这种风格）

具体看10/15这道题，当然是想素材四种方法当中的综合法得出观点：去农村有好处但是要自愿。那么就四段，还是老一套，开头段3+1或者再加一句4+1，主体段1讲不太倾向的观点1+4，主体段第二段更倾向的观点1+6，结尾段3句。词汇90%以上用36天背单词里面的词就搞定了，30个加分句型和通用，专用模板背熟，10/15这篇里我没有用那十句“名人讲IELTS”。9月17号之后大陆没有考试，另外几个考区都是老题，所以一直没写新的范文。这两天刚旅行结束回北京还有点累，所以这篇范文没太努力给大伙儿写，17，8分钟随手写完了交差 ：）

In this day and age, it can be generally observed that the disparity  between cities and the country has been aggravated by relentless urbanization. With respect to educational and medical facilities, a  yawning gap has emerged between those in cities and the rural ones. This manifest chasm has prompted some to suggest that teachers and doctors fresh out of university work in the country for a few years.Yet many are opposed to this view on the grounds that it infringes upon individual freedom to choose where they work.Personally, I think both these two views have merit and demerit.

[U]Granted,assigning new teachers and doctors to the countryside may create certain benefits.To begin with,this practice can help foster a strong sense of obligation in many teachers and doctors.[/U]They can experience first-hand how the rural residents are held back by the out-moded teaching and medical facilities and this, in turn, can inspire a host of professionals to commit themselves to the alleviation of this disturbing situation. Moreover,the inferior living and working conditions in the country can temper many of these young professionals’ soul.They are very likely to be more tenacious and determined and hence more successful than their urban counterparts in later careers.

However,there are even more drawbacks that this practice can engender.In the first place,many young teachers and doctors will feel unmotivated or frustrated if they are sent to rural areas against their own will.They may have a hard time getting accustomed to the shabby housing and primitive facilities and slack off at work.In the second place,if new teachers and doctors are coerced to work in the countryside, a considerable proportion of them may find it daunting when it comes time for them to relocate to cities after a few years in the country.They will feel intense occupational stress when they cannot operate efficiently equipment much more advanced than the devices they are used to back in the country school or hospital. Last but not least, given the inferiority of the rural educational and medical facilities,it is highly probable that the inexperience of new teachers and doctors will lead to unsatisfactory job performance in rural schools and clinics.We really cannot expect fresh recruits to work wonders with outdated tools.

In the final analysis,I concede that sending teachers and doctors fresh out of college to the countryside may produce specific advantages. However,if we enforce this indiscriminately,that will surely generate even more banes. On balance, I am convinced that we should optimize our workforce and honor the individual freedom in determining where they work.
(环球雅思Patrick Shen)

Nowadays, experimental usage of animal has become a widely concerned issue around the world. People hold diverse views towards it.

Adversaries claim that it is an extremely crude behavior. Animals, especially mammals, like dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, which are the major victims in the experimentation, are usually human’s pets. Pets owner are strongly against it for they firmly believe that animals suffer physically and mentally as we do. When equality is advocated in the modern world, it is inhuman to disrespect creatures that are not human beings. Furthermore, a number of experts pointed out that it would be at high stake of depend on the results of animal experiment; since they differ from us in many ways, take the body structure for example, we can’t imagine humans try to jump from the height of nine stories without any protection because cats survive out of the same test.

Those in favor of the idea about usage of animal declare that using animal is an advisable choice. On one hand because their bodies function similar to ours, for instance, they catch colds, suffer from stomachs and heart diseases, which more importantly influenced by diet and habits. The consequences of the test may not be applied to humans, although they are highly connected to the human situations. On the other hand, those creatures yell and act abnormally when they feel uncomfortable, which is what exactly researchers expect. In addition, there is an easy-to-answer question: isn’t it crueler to test directly on people with little knowledge on the objects’ effects? In a word, there is nothing better than animal that resemble human the best for experiment.

Personally, I am not a supporter of animal experiments, yet there is anything more suitable that can replace them, I accept using animals for tests, but take good care of them when they are not in the laboratory.
(李辽7分作文)

Nowadays, more and more people would like to move to other countries and settle down for better natural environment, more educational opportunities, etc. Whether these new settlers should accept new countries’ values and life styles has become a public focus. Before presenting my own opinion, I think it is essential to analyze both sides of the issue.

People in favor of acceptance to new values claim that once you live in a new environment, you have to adapt yourself to the new community. If not, you would feel psychologically isolated. Moreover, getting yourself in the new environment, you can develop a better career, for your employer will consider you to be an adaptable person. And your family also can get themselves involved in the new community. Last but not least, as you accept the new values and life styles, you can learn something new besides your own culture.

Those who are against, however, argue that if the settlers accept new values and culture, they are considered to betray their own countries, so they no longer belong to their countries. Furthermore, new settlers are supposed to keep their own styles. For instance, their eating habits, religion believes, and so on. Last of all, it is a good way to preserve their tradition and culture, especially the ethnic, who are in minority of people.

Personally speaking, I tend to side with the former view. Though people should have their unique styles, it is crucial to adjust to the new environment and community. An old saying just illustrates my point: When in Rome, do as the Roman. （罗倩敏）

A much-debated issue these days is whether people should accept the different values and the new lifestyle when they move to a new country. It has become a focus of public interest. Notions about it vary greatly. People can hardly reach an absolute consensus and therefore it is wise to take a closer look at the arguments at both sides before I present my pinion.

Advocates of this hot issue hold the belief that it is imperative for people to accept the different values and the new lifestyle when they settle in a new country. To begin with, it is beneficial for immigrants to adapt social life if they learn more about the local culture and lifestyle, especially for children. It is easily for them to make friends with others in schools. Moreover, it is necessary for settlers change their lifestyle and accept the new values. When in Roma, do as the Romans do. Last of all, immigrants will feel isolated and depressed if they have no idea about the culture and lifestyle of this country.

Some other people, however, are strongly against this hit issue for several reasons. First and foremost, it is ridiculous for people to abandon their original culture and lifestyle when they move to a new country. Furthermore, it is a breach of one’s basic right if me ask them to change their lifestyle. We should show greater respect for each other’s religions and cultures. Last but not least, it is significant for people to maintain cultural diversity as it is vital for people to pass their culture on to their offsprings. Meanwhile, it would be a pity for the descendants to know nothing about the culture of their ancestors.

In the final analysis, both sides have sound foundations. However, if asked to make a choice, I will not hesitate to assent to the latter. It is sensible for immigrants to keep their culture and lifestyle when they move to a new country.

Unlike other countries, police in UK do not carry guns. Some think it leaves citizen unprotected, others think it reduce the overall violence in the society. Please discuss.

At the mention of a policeman, most people will have in their mind the image of a strong man or woman with a gun on his belt.  But it is not the case in UK: police there do not carry guns.  People’s opinions towards this vary.

Some people think this contributes to the decrease of violence in society.  For one thing, when a robber sees a policeman pointing a gun at him, he may get exasperated and desperate and, out of despair, he may hurt people around him.  If the policeman does not carry a gun, nothing of the kind will happen.  For another, to err is human and no one can guarantee that a policeman does not mis-shoot the pedestrians when he is hurriedly chasing a criminal.  Lastly, some policemen have committed serious crimes with the guns they had.

However, other people hold different views: police without guns leave citizens unprotected.  To begin with, at critical moments, guns in policemen’s hands can be essential in fighting against the criminals.  Imagine a bank robber pointing a gun at the head of a hostage.  A policeman can hardly do anything about it if he does not carry a gun.  However, the situation can be totally reversed otherwise.  Moreover, policemen are well-trained and thus rarely hurt innocent people with their guns.

As far as I am concerned, the latter is more favorable.  To my mind, policemen are the very few people on earth who should carry guns, with which they can effectively protect the citizens. (283 words)

Whether stricter punishments is the only way to prevent accidents from happening on roads has triggered a controversial debate Attitudes towards this issue vary greatly. It is wiser to take a closer look at both sides before I present my opinion.

Advocates firmly believe that it is sensible to impose stricter penalty on those who break the traffic rules. Drivers will be more careful when they consider the punishment hard to afford. As the fine is not high,it is not deterrent . According to a survey , among the drivers questioned , 65% of them admit that they pay more attention to driving if more serious punishments are carried out .

Opponents, however, hold the view that there are other aspects which can decrease the frequency of accidents. Firstly, road constructions should be more rational. Nowadays, more and more roads and highways are being built, but some of them were not designed appropriately, which sometimes cause traffic accidents. Secondly, pedestrians should heighten their safety awareness while crossing the roads . Some pedestrians disobey rules and regulations, which should assume the responsibilities of accidents and be penalized. The last but not least, the growing amount of private cars is a contributing factor, the government should put forward some feasible means to control the number of cars ., such as imposing higher tax or limiting the cars running on roads at rush hours .

As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the latter view. Only stricter punishment is not insufficient access to decrease accidents., other methods should be enforced simultaneously , such as reinforcing supervising and setting digital camera on roads .（黄文婷）

Many people believe that scientific research should be carried out and controlled by the governments rather than private companies. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?

It is widely accepted that a country active in scientific research is also one that has a strong power for innovation and wealth creation. Nevertheless, the optimal structure for such kind of researches is still source of great debate.

Some people argue that scientific researches should be carried out or controlled by governments. They believe that researches into nuclear technology, national defense or military intelligence are of strategic importance, national interests or high levels of secrecy and should be carried out only by the government. Also, in some basic scientific researches which are directed purely towards the advancement of knowledge, or where the uncertainty of results are high, there is little incentive for public sector to invest in them and therefore governments take the leading role.

There are, however, reasons for private companies to participate in scientific researches.Researches are done more efficiently by private companies because they are profit driven. Every dollar is spent wisely to ensure maximum benefits and every resource is used effectively to avoid waste. Also, researches by private companies are closely associated with market needs. Private companies are market oriented so they always come up with inventions that have practical values that can increase productivity and improve life.

From my point of view, both the governments and private companies should be actively involved in scientific researches. We should promote interaction between different research institutes including state-owned research centers, universities and corporate labs to accelerate the transfer of technology and research into products and services that can benefit human life. （房挺 上海朗阁名师）

传统艺术是否硬该被政府资助？

Nowadays there is a growing tendency that some traditional arts are disappearing far away from modern society. some people claimed that the traditional arts are outdated and not worth of funding them. In fact, they are the symbol of a country’s civilization. I strongly believed that government should support them in different ways.

It is a well-known fact that the traditional arts are the most basic part of a national culture. Learning the traditional arts is one of the best manner to study our own brilliant culture and splendid history. It is due to that arts reflects on the one hand the political values of people and their religious beliefs, emotions and daily activities on the other. Thus, government plays a vital part in supporting musicians, artists, and drama companies to stimulate their enthusiasm of creating and inherting arts elements. Then the different forms of arts civilized our nation.

Furthermore, in consequence of subsiding people engaged in the art field, government provide a reasonable wise for people to enrich their lives and spirit. It leads to their bodies and minds relaxed from hard working. Thereby, they fully concentrate on working and laboring efficiently. Obviously, the direct outcome is they bring lots of benefits and interesting to the nation Taking one with another, the reward is far more than the payout.

However, it is not the only way to backup the arts development via spending money. There are still so many different ways except that. For instance, the government should make policy that selective courses like drawing and music must be included in school curricular; the government should make propoganda in media in order to arouse the public interests in enjoying traditional arts; the government should sponsor the concerts, exhibitions and musium about traditional arts for free and as frequently as possible. In breif, the purpose is to give people more opportunities to get touch with traditional arts. The more people appreciate it, the faster the traditional arts promoted.

To sum up,  it is necessary for a nation to develop his own traditional art. The government should strive to protect them in various ways. In the end, the country will definitely become more vivid and stronger than in previous time.

Discuss the difference between fast food and traditional food, such as nutrition, and recipe?

　　Living in a fast-paced society, the modern eaters are not longer interested in the contents of their food, but focused on whether a convenient meal is available at hand to devour. Statistics indicate that even housewives spend much shorter time at kitchen than their predecessors. This writing will compare and contrast advantages and disadvantages of fast food and traditional food.

　　Traditional food has its unshakable position in the human culture both in the social and historical context. Historically, chefs have gone to all lengths to experiment on novelties, invent cooking skills to gratify guests' hunger. Hence, traditional food has secured its incomparable value with a complex of tantalising features, including the variance, flavour, and taste. Its unique charms can nurture social relations as well. A family is accustomed to prepare a traditional feast to serve their guests at weekend or on holiday, such as Christmas.

　　Further, traditional food is favourably nutritious and balanced, compared with fast food. Dieticians have suggested audience through millions of televised courses that traditional food can retain more nutrition before being served on the table, for in general, they are cooked with a temperate heat. By contrast, the fast food are made at such a high temperature that nutrition has inescapably vaporised during the cooking process. Meanwhile, cooks pay more attention to the balance of recipe when preparing traditional food, such as combing meat with vegetable.

　　Despite a range of advantages, traditional food is overshadowed by its fast competitor in terms of time. Traditional food can consume a considerable amount of time from choosing materials, to arranging your table for visual appeal. In contrast, fast food cannot be faster when making a five-minute trip to a store around the corner, or even dialling to a fast food company. Needless to say recently, a string of fast food companies have tried their hardest to enrich the menu.

　　To summarise, traditional food has an irreplaceable role in our life, backed with various merits. However, its prevalence is declining for people are more and more time conscious.

Overshadow=eclipse=obscure:使黯然失色 His performance has eclipsed his predecessor's success.

With the extinction of many precious animal species, a large sum of money has been spent on the protection of wild animals.  However, some people hold the opinion that this money should be spent on the human race.

These people argue that we have not solved the countless problems of our own, why should we spend so much money on other animals? For example, millions of people in Africa are dying from hunger, many people are still suffering from fatal diseases, air pollution is getting worse and worse, etc.

I have to admit that those problems, demanding huge sum of money, do exist.  However, that does not mean we can ignore the wild animals. To start with, it is us human beings who are chiefly responsible for wild animal extinction and thus it is our responsibility to protect them.  We destroy millions of acres of tropical forests, leaving the animals with no place to live.  We contaminate water in rivers and lakes, poisoning most of the animals there. We even directly kill animals to satisfy our appetite or to make profit out of their furs, etc. What we do results in great disasters in the animal kingdom; for instance, we can only see the dodo in pictures now.  Moreover, the dying-out of one animal species means one unrecoverable missing link in the ecological balance, which will then have bad effects on our human race.  Ecologists say that the day when only people exist on earth is the end of the world. (251 words)

　　Go to all lengths:竭尽全力地做某件事情

‘Ads promote quantity or quality’

In recent years, an increasing number of organisations have been using advertisement as one of their popular marketing promotion tool. Consequently, people become more and more confused about the characteristic of ads. The issue of whether ads provide audiences with the quality of the merchandise or just tempt customers to purchase them has aroused wide concern in which people retain different views. Before presenting my attitude, it is essential to analyse both sides of the hot issue.

Opponents point out that the aim of advertisement as a sales method is for promoting the goods. In the other words, enterprises use TV, magazines, newspapers and other kind of media to attract people’s eyes to buy in great number of what they produce. According to a latest survey compiled by Marketing, ads could increase sales quantity by 15-25 per cent normally. Some people including parts of general public and a minority of authorities argue that a considerable amount of advertisements existing in our daily life trend to push more consumption instead of informing consumers the quality of goods. That is to say, ordinary people should face more challenges and risks to distinguish from goods to goods because they totally have no idea about the real trait of them.

In contrast, advocates hold strong belief that advertisement not only promotes the quantity of goods but also the quality. Furthermore, in some extent, ads are more likely to stand for the status of the very company. The director of Unilever, an international company, recognises that quality is always the most valuable thing, and it is the premise of surviving in this competitive business environment. Advertisement is the very tool to upgrade the brand and also boost the merchandise in quantity. The quantity of one range of goods is not the point at any time, while the sales performance of the whole product portfolio is. The figure from Economist indicates that 78 per cent of advertisement raises the degree of band successfully.

In the final analysis, both sides have reasonable foundations. As far as I am concerned, I will not hesitate to subscribe to the opinion of the latter that is advertisement promotes the quality of goods.(郑柯)

The government should control the amount of violence in films and on television in order to decrease the violent crimes in society. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this issue?

Violence appears more and more often in films and on television. Requests are made that the government should take action because it leads to the rise of violent crimes in society.  However, some people think differently.

They say that instead of inducing people to commit a crime, violence on
TV helps people to release the stress put on them by the fast pace of the modern society and thus reduces the chance for them to break the law.  The employee who was severely criticized by the boss at work may feel relieved when he returns home and sees a strong man being punched in his face on TV.

Admittedly, that may be one little good effect of violence on screen, but the side effect of it is much serious and should not be ignored. As was mentioned in the beginning of the essay, violence on screen does result in more crimes in real life. For one thing, teenagers are good at intimating and they have a strong desire to release their extra energy.  One good example of this is the notorious campus gun shot case in the US.  The criminal, a university student, who shot several of his teachers and fellow students, confessed that a violent movie inspired him.  Lastly, violence in films and television fills people’s mind with evil and hatred. We certainly should be shown the better side of our society if we want to decrease the violent crimes.

To sum up, in order to have fewer violent crimes in society, violence on screen should be controlled.  (292)

You are organizing a business meeting, and you should write to people from other companies and tell them the changes of the meeting (time, location, etc.). You will (1) explain why you have to make changes, (2) tell them the changes, and (3) apologize for the changes.

Dear Mr. Smith,

I am writing to inform you about the changes we have made to the high-level meeting between our two companies.

Mr. Anderson, project manager of “Sunshine Cooperation Campaign”, has been ill recently and is currently in hospital for treatment. He is recovering well but won’t be able to come back to work until 2 weeks later. As he is the designer and coordinator of this “sunshine campaign”, we feel the meeting could not be held without him.

Therefore, we are rescheduling the meeting to be held one month later, on 9 o’clock, Sunday, 15 July. Also the place of the meeting has been changed from Hilton Hotel to the VIP meeting room at the headquarters of our company, No. 100, Oxford Street. We also might invite senior managers from Greenwell Company to attend the meeting as they have always been an active supporter of this campaign.

We are sorry for any inconvenience that the change of the meeting might have caused you. If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Looking forward to seeing you soon!

Yours sincerely,

Edward Simpson

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